[ BAHASA INGGRIS 2 TUGAS 2 ] THE REMOVAL OF FUEL SUBSIDIES KILLS COMMUNITY

Hibah Gigih

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THE REMOVAL OF FUEL SUBSIDIES KILLS COMMUNITY

Currently, all the cost of basic necessity is rising. 1.It happened after our president decided to revoke the fuel subsidy.  This policy causes a lot of pros and cons in society. 2. The pro side that agrees on the president’s decision assumes that the policy which has been made is right. However, they do not know that in fact many problems occur as a result of this policy, especially among the middle and small class communities. Through this paper the author argues that the removal fuel subsidy policy kills societies in medium and small class. To strengthen the argument, here are two paragraphs discuss why the cost increase of fuel oil can kill small and medium class in society.

The first reason why this policy can kill the society is the rising of fuel price causes a domino effect.3. The increasing of fuel cost will be followed by the increasing of basic needs or other life’s cost. 4. The increasing of the living cost which is not followed by salary improvement makes them have to think hard to skimp. Surely they cannot eliminate their basic needs so that they find it difficult to get it.

The last reason is the increasing of fuel cost kills small-independent business. 5. An Independent-small business that has low capital like meatballs businesses, restaurants, and other small businesses is threatened with bankruptcy. 6. The increasing of fuel prices would force them to increase their product prices to avoid losses. 7. However, by increasing their product price will make their income low instead of give benefit for them. 8. Now, citizens prefer to spend their money for more important things like education cost, other basic needs and etc.

Therefore, the government policy in removing fuel subsidies is not the solution in creating welfare for its society. However, this policy could kill middle and lower class in society by the increasing of basic needs cost and kill small-independent business.

TENSESSNYA :

1. It happened after our president decided to revoke the fuel subsidy : S + Tobe + V2 = Past Tense

2.  The pro side that agrees on the president’s decision assumes that the policy which has been made is right. However, they do not know that in fact many problems occur as a result of this policy, especially among the middle and small class communities : S + HAS / HAVE + V3 + O ATAU S + HAS / HAVE + BEEN + V3 = SIMPLE PREFECT TENSE

3. The increasing of fuel cost will be followed by the increasing of basic needs or other life’s cost : S + Will + V1 + O =  Future Tense

4. The increasing of the living cost which is not followed by salary improvement makes them have to think hard to skimp : S + HAS / HAVE + V3 + O ATAU S + HAS / HAVE + BEEN + V3 = SIMPLE PREFECT TENSE

5. An Independent-small business that has low capital like meatballs businesses, restaurants, and other small businesses is threatened with bankruptcy : S + HAS / HAVE + V3 + O ATAU S + HAS / HAVE + BEEN + V3 = SIMPLE PREFECT TENSE

6. The increasing of fuel prices would force them to increase their product prices to avoid losses : S + WOULD / SHOULD + V1 + O ATAU S + WOULD / SHOULD + BE + V3 = FUTURE PAST

7. However, by increasing their product price will make their income low instead of give benefit for them : S + Will + V1 + O =  Future Tense

8. Now, citizens prefer to spend their money for more important things like education cost, other basic needs and etc :  S + V1 + O = Simple Present Tense

20 Soal TOEFL Gerund dan Infinitive beserta penjelasannya

Gerund

1. ____ all the way home made us tired.
    A. Walk
    B. Walking
    C. We have walked
    D. We walk
    E. We are walking
2. It is difficult to get used ____ with chopstick.
    A. eat
    B. eating
    C. not eating
    D. to eat
    E. to eating
3. I was interested in ____ more about history.
    A. learn
    B. to learn
    C. learning
    D. learnt
    E. to learning
4. She is used to Harry's ____ about the food.
    A. to complain
    B. complaining
    C. complains
    D. to complaining
    E. complained
5. "You ought to give up smoking", means ____
    A. You shouldn't stop to smoke
    B. You shouldn't begin to smoke
    C. You should stop to smoke
    D. You should continue smoking
    E. You should stop smoking
6. Nina told me story but now she forgets that she did it. Nina forgets ____ me a story.
    A. to tell
    B. tells
    C. tell
    D. told
    E. telling
7. This knife needs _____. it is dull.
    A. to be sharpening
    B. to sharpen
    C. sharpens
    D. sharpen
    E. sharpened
8. Lina is working hard for her examination. He avoids ____ too much.
    A. to be going out
    B. to go out
    C. go out
    D. goes out
    E. going out
9. "What did he deny?"
" _____"
    A. Stealing the wallet
    B. When he stole the wallet
    C. Stolen the wallet
    D. He had stolen the wallet
    E. To steal the wallet
10. Would you mind ____ your pet snake somewhere else?
    A. to put
    B. to putting
    C. putting
    D. put
    E. puts

Berikut jawaban dan pembahasan soal- soal Gerund diatas

Soal No. 1
Jawaban : B
Pembahasan :
Gerund sebagai subjek, maka jawabannya adalah Walking

Soal No. 2
Jawaban :E
Pembahasan :
Beberapa kata kerja yang diikuti Gerund.
to get used to
to be accustomed to
dll
maka jawabannya adalah to eating

Soal No. 3
Jawaban :C
Pembahasan :
Penggunaan Gerund setelah preposisi, seperti in, in, after, about, before, dll
maka jawabannya adalah learning

Soal No. 4
Jawaban :B
Pembahasan :
Maka jawabannya adalah complaining

Soal No. 5
Jawaban :E
Pembahasan :
Kalimat "You ought to give up smoking" sama maknanya dengan anjuran untuk berhenti merokok, sama saja dengan "You should stop smoking"

Soal No. 6
Jawaban :E
Pembahasan :
Dalam kalimat "Nina told me story but now she forgets that she did it. Nina forgets ____ me a story." berarti bahwa Nina sudah menceritakan cerita, tetapi sekarang dia lupa bahwa dia sudah bercerita. Sehingga bentuk Gerund yang digunakan setelah kata kerja "forget".

Soal No. 7
Jawaban : 
Pembahasan :D
Gerund diletakkan setelah kata kerja tertentu yaitu "need". Dalam kalimat "This knife needs _____. it is dull"
maka jawabannya adalah "sharpening"

Soal No. 8
Jawaban :E
Pembahasan :
Penggunaan kata kerja yang diikuti oleh Gerund , termasuk kata kerja "avoid"
Maka , jawabannya adalah "going out"

Soal No. 9
Jawaban :A
Pembahasan :
Penggunaan kata kerja yang diikuti oleh Gerund , termasuk kata kerja "deny"
Maka jawabannya adalah "Stealing the wallet"

Soal No. 10
Jawaban :C
Pembahasan :
Penggunaan kata kerja yang diikuti oleh Gerund , termasuk kata kerja "mind"
Maka jawabannya adalah "putting"

INFINITIVE

1. the pray and the try are the important ways to make our dream comes to, they are very useful

a. do

b. did

c. to do

d. doing

e. be done

Penjelasannya : jawaban C

Pada kalimat tersebut terdapat salah satu jenis kata kerja khusus yang harus diikuti oleh “infinitive” kata tersebut berupa kata “useful”, sehingga jawaban yang pas adalah “to + verb 1”, to do

2. “Why does Miftahul wake up early every morning?”

“ the school bus and he must get there at 7 morning everyday”

a. get to

b. getting to

c. got to

d. be getting to

e. to get

Penjelasannya : jawaban E

Pada kalimat tersebut terdapat pertanyaan yang menayakan sebuah alasan (reason), dimana si pemjawab akan mengatakan alasannya mengapa bangun lebih awal setiap pagi, utuk menyatakan sebuah tujuan “infinitive” kata tersebut berupa kata “to get”, sehingga jawaban yang pas adalah “to + verb 1”, to get

3. “What does you son want after graduating from Senior high school this year?”

a. to enter in his favorite university

b. getting the best job

c. got married

d. spending at home

e. he will it again

Penjelasannya : jawaban A

Pada kalimat tersebut terdapat pertanyaan yang menayakan sebuah keinginan/tujuan dimana si pemjawab akan mengatakan apa yang ingin anak laki-lakinya lakukan setelah lulus dari sekolah menengah atas (SMA) dan untuk menyatakan sebuah tujuan menggunakan “infinitive” kata tersebut berupa kata “to enter in his favorite university”, sehingga jawaban yang pas adalah “to + verb 1”,

4. “Why did you come late, Naila?”

“I had to help mom first for cooking, and I decide all”

a. finish

b. finished

c. to finish

d. finishing

e. finished

Penjelasannya : jawaban E

Pada kalimat tersebut terdapat pertanyaan yang menayakan sebuah alasan (reason), dimana si penjawab akan mengatakan alasannya mengapa bangun lebih awal setiap pagi, utuk menyatakan sebuah tujuan “infinitive” kata tersebut berupa kata “to finish”, sehingga jawaban yang pas adalah “to + verb 1”

5. Dinda regrets because the important news on it, she promises not to do that again

a. losing

b. to lose

c. lose

d. lost

e. be lost

Penjelasannya : jawaban B

Pada kalimat tersebut terdapat pertanyaan yang menayakan sebuah alasan (reason), dimana si pemjawab akan mengatakan alasannya mengapa bangun lebih awal setiap pagi, utuk menyatakan sebuah tujuan “infinitive” kata tersebut berupa kata “regret” yang bisa menggunakan gerund dan infinitive namun karena si subjek berjanji tidak kan melakukannya kembali, sehingga jawaban yang pas adalah “to + verb 1”, to lose.

6. It's very difficult .... smoking.

A. to give up

B. give up

C. given up

D. to be given up

E. to be giving up

Pembahasan

Terjemahan soal:

Ini sangat sulit ..... merokok.

Jadi kata yang tepat untuk mengisi titik-titik adalah 'to give up' atau 'untuk berhenti'.

give up = given up = berhenti

to be giving up = untuk menjadi berhenti

to be given up = untuk menyerah

Jawaban: A

7. We did not know how ..... him stop drinking.

A. make

B. made

C. to make

D. to be made

E. making

Pembahasan

Terjemahan soal:

Kita tidak tahu bagaimana ... dia berhenti minum

Jadi kata yang tepat untuk mengisi titik-titik adalah 'membuat' atau 'to make'. Jika menggunakan 'make' kalimat menjadi 'make him' dengan terjemahan 'membuatnya'.

To be made him = untuk membuatnya

Making him = membuatnya.

Jawaban: C

8.Your handwriting is almost imposible ......

A. my reading it

B. to read

C. for reading it

D. be read

E. reading

Pembahasan

Terjemahan soal:

Tulisan tanganmu hampir tidak mungkin ......

Jadi kata yang tepat untuk mengisi titik-titik adalah 'untuk membaca' atau 'to read'.

Jawaban: B

9. I usually take a walk early in the morning .... some fresh air.

A. getting

B. get

C. to get

D. I get

E. be getting

Pembahasan

Terjemahan soal:

Saya biasanya jalan-jalan pagi ..... udara segar.

Jadi kata yang tepat untuk mengisi titik-titik adalah 'untuk mendapatkan' atau 'to get'.

Jawaban: C

10. Why do you have to stay at home tomorrow?

..... my little brother.

A. takes care of

B. taking care of

C. to take care of

D. for taking care of

E. I will take care of

Pembahasan

Mengapa kamu harus tinggal dirumah besok?

... adikku.

Jadi kata yang tepat untuk mengisi titik-titik adalah 'untuk mengurus' atau 'to take of'.

Jawaban: C